How many times did you fall ill in the last one year? What were the illnesses?

(a) Think of one change you could make in your habits in order to avoid any of /most of the above illnesses.

(b) Think of one change you would wish for in your surroundings in order to avoid any of/most of the above illnesses.

Answer :

This varies from person to person. Some people fall ill several times in a year, while others do not fall ill at all. A person's immune system and hygiene-related habits play a major role in determining the person's health.

In which of the following case do you think the long-term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant?
• If you get jaundice,

• if you get lice,
• If you get acne.

Answer

Jaundice is a disease that can cause long-term effects on our health. It is a chronic disease that lasts for a long period of time. Jaundice does not spread rapidly, but it develops slowly over a period of time.

(i) Sleeping sickness caused by Trypanosoma/ Malaria by plasmodium
(ii) Kala-azar caused by Leishmania

11. If you live in an overcrowded and poorly ventilated house, it is possible that you may suffer from which of the following diseases
(a) Cancer
(b) AIDS
(c) Air borne diseases
(d) Cholera
Ans. (c) Air borne diseases
Explanation: Living in enclosed spaces increases the risk of air-borne diseases.

12. Which disease is not transmitted by mosquitoes?
(a) Dengue
(b) Malaria
(c) Brain fever or encephalitis
(d) Pneumonia
Ans. (d) Pneumonia
Explanation: Pneumonia is transmitted through air.

13. Which one of the following is not important for individual health?
(a) Living in clean space
(b) Good economic condition
(c) Social equality and harmony
(d) Living in a large and well-furnished house
Ans. (d) Living in a large and well-furnished house
Explanation: If a large and well-furnished house is not clean; then it is not enough to ensure health. Conditions shown in other options are more important for being healthy.

14. Choose the wrong statement
(a) High blood pressure is caused by excessive weight and lack of exercise.
(b) Cancers can be caused by genetic abnormalities
(c) Peptic ulcers are caused by eating acidic food
(d) Acne in not caused by staphylococci
Ans. (c) Peptic ulcers are caused by eating acidic food
Explanation: Peptic ulcers are caused by a bacterium known as Helicobacter pylori.

15. We should not allow mosquitoes to breed in our surroundings because they
(a) multiply very fast and cause pollution
(b) are vectors for many diseases
(c) bite and cause skin diseases 
(d) are not important insects
Ans. (b) are vectors for many diseases
Explanation: Diseases spread by mosquitoes are very dangerous; like malaria and dengue. Hence, it is important to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes.

16. You are aware of Polio Eradication Programme in your city. Children are vaccinated because
(a) vaccination kills the polio causing microorganisms
(b) prevents the entry of polio causing organism
(c) it creates immunity in the body
(d) all the above
Ans. (c) it creates immunity in the body
Explanation: Any vaccine helps in creating immunity in the body against a particular disease for which the vaccine is being made.

17. Viruses, which cause hepatitis, are transmitted through
(a) air
(b) water
(c) food
(d) personal contact
Ans. (b) water
Explanation: Hepatitis is a viral disease and spreads through contaminated water. But hepatitis B is spread through exchange of body fluids.

18. Vectors can be defined as
(a) animals carry the infecting agents from sick person to another healthy person
(b) microorganisms which cause many diseases
(c) infected person
(d) diseased plants
Ans. (a) animals carry the infecting agents from sick person to another healthy person Explanation: Vectors are in fact live carries of germs of diseases.

(a) Hepatitis targets __________.
Ans. Liver
(b) Fits or unconsciousness targets __________.
Ans. Brain
(c) Pneumonia targets __________.
Ans. Lungs
(d) Fungal disease targets __________.
Ans. Skin