A polling booth is a place where voters go inside and election officials identify them and put a mark on their finger and allow them to caste the vote. 

1. Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha elections are held regularly after every five years.

2. After five years the term of all the elected representatives come to an end.

3. The Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha stands dissolved.

4. Elections are held in all constituencies at the same time, either on the same day or within a few days. This is called General Elections.

1. Elections held before the fixed tenure is termed as Mid-Term elections.  

2. Sometimes election is held only for one constituency to fill the vacancy caused by death or resignation of a member. This called a By Election. 

Which of the following statements about the reasons for conducting elections are false?
(a) Elections enable people to judge the performance of the government.
(b) People select the representative of their choice in an election.
(c) Elections enable people to evaluate the performance of the judiciary.
(d) People can indicate which policies they prefer.
ANS (c) Elections enable people to evaluate the performance of the judiciary.

Which of these is not a good reason to say that Indian elections aredemocratic?
(a) India has the largest number of voters in the world.
(b) India’s Election Commission is very powerful.
(c) In India, everyone above the age of 18 has a right to vote.
(d) In India, the losing parties accept the electoral verdict.
ANS (a) India has the largest number of voters in the world.

Match the following: 
 

(a) It is necessary to keep the voters' list up to date because	(i) there is a fair representation of all sections of our society
(b) Some constituencies are reserved for SCs and STs so that	(ii) everyone has equal opportunity to elect their representatives
(c) Everyone has one and only one vote so that	(iii) all candidates must have a fair chance of competing in elections
(d) Party in power is not allowed to use government vehicles because	(iv) some people may have moved away from the area where they voted last

Answer

(a)- iv, (b)- i ,(c) -ii, (d)- iii

List all the different election related activities mentioned in the chapter and arrange them in a time sequence, beginning with the first activity and ending with the last. Some of these activities are given below: releasing election manifestos; counting of votes; making of voters’ list; election campaign; declaration of election results; casting of votes; ordering of re-poll; announcing election schedule; filing nomination.

Answer

Making of voters’ list → Announcing election schedule → Releasing election manifesto → Election campaign → Filing nomination → Casting of votes → Ordering of re-poll → Counting of votes → Declaration of election results.

(a) Election campaign

Answer
(a) She will have to focus on various duties such as ensure that candidates cannot bribe or threaten voters, expenditure limit is not crossed by a candidate, candidates not appeal to vote in the name of religion or caste, they not use worship place for campaign or use any government resources.

(b) Polling day

Answer

 She will have to crosscheck the voters’ list and check ID proof of the voters, booth capturing not tak place. Ensure that Free and fair election should be conducted.

(c) Counting day

Answer

She have to look on counting is carried out, represntatives of all parties present at counting area in order to avoid malpractices,