MCQ Solution: Alcohols Phenols and Ethers
Ethyl alcohol reacts at a faster rate with HI than with HCl in forming the corresponding ethyl halides under identical conditions mainly because:
1) HI, being a stronger acid, protonates ethyl alcohol at oxygen much better and helps substitution.
2) the bond length in HI is much shorter than that in HCl.
3) I− is a much better leaving group
4) I− is a much better nucleophile than Cl−
Solution
Ethyl alcohol reacts at a faster rate with HIHI than with HCl in forming the corresponding ethyl halides under identical conditions mainly because I− is a much better nucleophile than Cl−
In iodide ion, the negative charge is dispersed on the large ion.
Hence, it is loosely held by the nucleus. Hence, it can be easily given to an electrophile.
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