NCERT Solution: Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
1. He believed that there was no equality among people-on racial hierarchy.
2. The blond haired, blue eyed Aryan race was the most superior and the most inferior were the Jews.
3. Hitler believed in lebensraum or living space.
1. Hitler believed that a strong Nazi society could be established only by teaching children Nazi Ideology.
2. Children were controlled both inside and outside schools which were cleansed and German children were segregated from Jews, gypsies and other children.
3. Good German children were brainwashed about Nazi ideas of race and ideology of aggression and violence.
4. Youth organizations like Jungvolk and Hitler Youth were created to worship war, glorify aggression and violence, and hate democracy and undesirable elements.
1. Women had to be good mothers and rear pure-blooded Aryans.
2. Women who bore racially desirable children were awarded and those who did not were punished.
3. Women had to follow the Aryan code of Conduct.
1. Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht.
2. He aimed at full production and full employment through a state funded workcreation program.
3. This project produced the famous German superhighways and the people’s car, the Volkswagen.
4. Schacht had advised Hitler against investing hugely in rearmament as the state still ran on deficit financing.
5. Cautious people however had no place in Nazi Germany. Schacht had to leave.
1. The German economy was the worst hit by the economic crises. By 1932, industrial production was reduced to 40 percent of the 1929 level.
2. Workers lost their jobs or were paid reduced wages.
3. The number of unemployed touched an unprecedented 6 million.
4. On the streets of Germany you could see men with placards around their neck saying, “willing to work”. Unemployment youths play cards and simply sat at street corners, or destroyed queued up at the local employment exchange.
5. The middle classes, especially salaried employees and pensioners, saw their savings diminish when the currency lost its value.
1. Hitler pulled out of the League of Nations and reoccupied the Rhineland.
2. He integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan one people one leader.
3. He occupied Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.
4. In 1940 a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan, strengthening Hitler’s claim to international power.
1. Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht.
2. A program of state funded economic reconstruction was launched aiming at full production and full employment.
3. This project produced the famous German superhighways and the people’s car, the Volkswagen.
4. Hitler wanted to spend hugely in rearmaments.
1. Gandhiji wrote him that you are the person who can prevent a war which may reduce humanity to the savage state.
2. Non violence is against the humanity.
3. Gandhi appealed him to stop the war.