NCERT Solution: Poverty as a Challenge
Sub Saharan Africa and some of the former socialist countries
1. Human is not able to meet his basic requirements of life that are food, shelter and clothes.
2. A person is considered poor if Levels of income and consumption level is very low.
3. Lack of general resistance due to malnutrition.
4. Lack to access to healthcare and lack of job opportunities.
5. Lack of access to safe drinking water and sanitation
1. There is also inequality of incomes within a family.
2. In poor families all suffer, but some suffer more than others.
3. Women, elderly people and female infants are systematically denied equal access to resources available to the family.
4. Therefore women, children and old people are poorest of the poor.
1. Different countries use different poverty lines to assess their poverty level.
2. Each country uses different criteria to measure their development and growth.
3. The income and the availability of resources are different in every country.
4. The income level and social norms are different from other countries.
5. Owning a car in US is a necessity but India it is a luxury.
1. Sates like Punjab and Haryana have traditionally succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high agricultural growth rates.
2. In comparison there has been a significant decline in poverty in Kerala, Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and west Bengal
3. Recent estimate show while the all India HCR was 21.9% n 2011-12 states like Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha had above all India poverty level.
1. The poverty alleviation programs are less effective in India. They are unable to achieve the desired goals.
2. It is due to lack of proper implementation and execution.
C. There also has been a lot of over lapping of schemes.
4. Despite good intentions, the benefits of these schemes have not fully reached the poor.
5. The maximum government officials are corrupt.
1. There has been a lot of over lapping of schemes
2. Wide disparities between rural and urban areas in term of poverty.
3. Wide disparities between states in terms of poverty.
4. Certain social and economic groups are more vulnerable to poverty.
1. It leads to hunger and lack of hunger. They live in unhygienic conditions and invite host of diseases.
2. They lack in medical facilities and die of diseases in want of timely and proper treatment.
3. Poor people are in a situation in which they are ill-treated at almost all places.
4. They live with the sense of helplessness.
5. Poor parents are not able to send their children to school.