NCERT Solution: Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
Radicals were the one who wanted a nation in which government was based on the majority of a country’s population. They opposed the privileges of great landowners and wealthy factory owners
Liberals were those who wanted a nation which tolerated all religions. They also opposed the uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.
Agriculture
The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party
Ideology of Liberals
1. One of the groups which aimed at changing society was that of the liberals. They wanted a nation which tolerated all religions.
2. They opposed religious discrimination and uncontrolled power of dynastic rulers.
3. The wanted a representative elected parliamentary government but did not believe in Universal Adult Franchise. They also did not want the vote for women.
Ideology of Radicals
1. They wanted a government based on the majority of a country’s population. They supported Universal Adult franchise, including the vote for women.
2. Unlike liberals, they opposed the privileges of the landlords and the industrialists.
3. They were not against the existence of private property but opposed concentration of property in a few hands.
Ideology of Conservatives
1. They opposed to liberals and radicals. In the 18th century, they were generally opposed to the idea of change.
2. By the 19th century, they accepted that some changes were necessary, but through a slow process.
3. They believed in old or past tradition and customs.
1. Over 1, 10,000 workers under the leadership of father Gapon reached the winter Palace for their demands.
2. The police and the Cossacks attacked them.
3. Over 100 workers were killed and about 300 wounded. D. This incident is known as Bloody Sunday.