NCERT Solution: Tissues
Three features of cardiac muscles are:
→ Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles that contract rapidly, but do not get fatigued.
→ The cells of cardiac muscles are cylindrical, branched, and uninucleate.
→ They control the contraction and relaxation of the heart.
Functions of areolar tissue:
→ It helps in supporting internal organs.
→ It helps in repairing the tissues of the skin and muscles.
Tissue is a group of cells that are similar in structure and are organized together to perform a specific task.
Xylem is composed of following elements:
→ Tracheids
→ Vessels
→ Xylem parenchyma
→ Xylem fibres
Simple tissue |
Complex tissue |
These tissues consist of only one type of cells. | These tissues are made up of more than one type of cells. |
The cells are more or less similar in structure and perform similar functions. | Different types of cells perform different functions. For example, in the xylem tissue, tracheids help in water transport, whereas parenchyma stores food. |
Three types of simple tissues in plants are parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma. | Two types of complex permanent tissues in plants are xylem and phloem. |
Parenchyma |
Collenchyma |
Sclerenchyma |
Cell walls are relatively thin, and the cells in parenchyma tissues are loosely packed. | The cell wall is irregularly thickened at the corners, and there is very little space between the cells. | The cell walls are uniformly thickened, and there are no intercellular spaces. |
The cell wall in this tissue is made up of cellulose. | Pectin and hemicellulose are the major constituents of the cell wall. | An additional layer of the cell wall composed mainly of lignin is found. |
The functions of stomata are:
→ The exchange of gases (CO2 and O2) with the atmosphere.
→ The loss of excess water in the form of water vapour which is known as transpiration.
The three types of muscle fibres are:Striated muscles, smooth muscles (unstriated muscle fibre), and cardiac muscles.
Striated muscle fibres
Unstriated muscle fibres
Cardiac muscle fibres